9. Debt and Interest

Debt

Total debt consists of the following:

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As of March 31, 2025, the carrying value of the notes payable approximates their fair value as the interest rate is variable and approximates the market rate for loans with similar terms and risk characteristics.

2024 Oaktree Note

On July 25, 2024, Fortress entered into the $50.0 million senior secured credit agreement (the “New Oaktree Agreement”) with a maturity date of July 25, 2027 with Oaktree Fund Administration, LLC and the lenders from time-to-time party thereto (collectively, “Oaktree”). The Company borrowed $35.0 million under the New Oaktree Agreement on the Closing Date (the “2024 Oaktree Note”) and is eligible to draw up to an additional $15.0 million at the lenders’ discretion to support future business development activities. The 2024 Oaktree Note replaces the 2020 Oaktree Note (as defined below) with respect to which the remaining $50.0 million balance was repaid in full.

Under the terms of the New Oaktree Agreement, the loans have a 30-month interest-only period with a maturity date of July 25, 2027, and bear interest at an annual rate equal to the 3-month Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 7.625% (subject to a 2.50% SOFR floor and a 5.75% SOFR cap). For the quarter ended March 31, 2025, the interest rate applicable to the 2024 Oaktree Note was 11.95%. The Company is required to make quarterly interest-only payments until the maturity date, except fifty percent of the then-outstanding principal balance of the loans is due on March 31, 2027, with the remaining principal amount due on the maturity date.

The Company may voluntarily prepay, in whole or in part, the amounts due under the New Oaktree Agreement at any time subject to a prepayment fee. Subject to prior written notice by the Company, to repay any amounts due prior to the maturity date, the Company must pay the sum of (A) the aggregate principal amount of the Loans being prepaid, (B) any accrued but unpaid interest on the principal amount of the Loans being prepaid, (C) any applicable Yield Protection Premium (as defined in the New Oaktree Agreement) and (D) if applicable, other unpaid amounts then due and owing pursuant to the New Oaktree Agreement and the other loan documents (such aggregate amount, the “Prepayment Price”); provided that each partial prepayment of the principal amount of the Loans shall be in an aggregate amount of at least $5.0 million and integral multiples of $1.0 million in excess thereof. The Company is required to make mandatory prepayments of the Loans with net cash proceeds from (i) certain casualty events, (ii) certain monetization events, including, among other things, certain asset sales and the sale(s) of priority review vouchers by certain subsidiaries of the Company, and the receipt by the Company of any dividend or other distributions in cash from any of its subsidiaries in excess of $5.0 million other than in connection with certain monetization events, (iii) debt issuances that are not permitted, and (iv) failure to comply with certain covenants. The lenders may elect to receive warrant

s to purchase common stock of the Company as an alternative to cash prepayments in some situations where a mandatory prepayment would otherwise be required. No mandatory prepayments were required in the quarter ended March 31, 2025.

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The New Oaktree Agreement contains customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants, including, among other things, restrictions on indebtedness, liens, investments, mergers, dispositions, prepayment of other indebtedness, and dividends and other distributions, subject to certain exceptions. In addition, the New Oaktree Agreement contains certain financial covenants, including, (i) a requirement that the Company maintain a minimum liquidity of $7.0 million, which may be reduced or increased as described in the New Oaktree Agreement (“the “Liquidity Requirement”), and (ii) that product net sales of Journey meet a consolidated minimum net sales amount of $50.0 million on a trailing 12-month basis, tested quarterly, which may be reduced or increased as described in the New Oaktree Agreement (the “Minimum Net Sales Test”), subject to certain exclusions. Due to the approval of Emrosi, the minimum net sales amount will increase by $7.5 million each quarter, beginning in the third quarter of 2025, provided that the minimum net sales amount will in no event exceed $80.0 million. Both the Minimum Net Sales Test and the Liquidity Requirement will be reduced to $0 while the outstanding principal balance is less than or equal to $10.0 million. The Liquidity Requirement decreases to $5.0 million while the outstanding principal balance is between $10.0 million and $25.0 million. Failure by the Company to comply with the financial covenants will result in an event of default, subject to certain cure rights of the Company with respect to the Minimum Net Sales Test.

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The New Oaktree Agreement contains events of default that are customary for financings of this type, in certain circumstances subject to customary cure periods. In addition, the Company is also required to (i) raise cash proceeds from the sale of common stock, or receive monetizations or distributions, by the end of each calendar year prior to the maturity date, in an aggregate amount equal to the greater of $20 million or 50% of an amount set forth in an annual budget delivered to the lenders and (ii) maintain a specified minimum equity stake in Journey. These capital raise and minimum stake covenants and financial covenants will not apply if the outstanding principal balance of the loan is less than or equal to $10 million. Following an event of default and any cure period, if applicable, the Agent will have the right upon notice to accelerate all amounts outstanding under the New Oaktree Agreement, in addition to other remedies available to the lenders as secured creditors of the Company.

In connection with the New Oaktree Agreement, the Company granted a security interest in favor of Oaktree, for the benefit of the lenders, in substantially all of the Company’s assets, subject to customary exceptions, as collateral securing the Company’s obligations under the New Oaktree Agreement. Also in connection with the New Oaktree Agreement, the Company granted warrants to the lenders to purchase up to 506,390 shares of the Company’s common stock at a purchase price of $2.0735 per share (the “Warrants”). The Warrants contain customary anti-dilution adjustments to the exercise price, including for share splits, share dividends, rights offerings and pro rata distributions. The exercise price of the Warrants will also be adjusted if, while the Warrants are outstanding, the Company engages in any transaction involving the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock or equivalent securities at an effective price per share less than the exercise price of the Warrant then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Share Price”). In such case, the exercise price of the Warrants will be reduced to equal the Base Share Price. The Warrants are exercisable from July 25, 2024, will expire on July 25, 2031 and may be net exercised for no cash payment at the holder’s election. The Company filed a registration statement to register the resale of the shares of Company common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants (see Note 13).

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The Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the New Oaktree Agreement as of March 31, 2025.

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2020 Oaktree Note

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On July 25, 2024, the Company’s $50.0 million outstanding balance of the senior secured credit agreement with Oaktree (the “Prior Oaktree Agreement”) and the debt thereunder, the “2020 Oaktree Note”) was terminated upon receipt by Oaktree of a payoff amount of $51.4 million from the Company comprised of principal, interest and the applicable final payment amount. The payoff of the 2020 Oaktree Note was treated as a debt extinguishment, as the 2024 Oaktree Note originated from a fund group different from the Prior Oaktree Agreement. The Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $3.6 million, representing unamortized debt issuance costs and inclusive of a $1.0 million prepayment fee; the loss on extinguishment was recorded to interest expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2024.  

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The Company had entered the Prior Oaktree Agreement in August 2020. The Prior Oaktree Agreement contained customary representations and warranties and customary affirmative and negative covenants as well as certain financial covenants, including, among other things, (i) maintenance of minimum liquidity and (ii) a minimum revenue test that required Journey’s annual revenue to be equal to or to exceed annual revenue projections set forth in the Prior Oaktree Agreement. Failure by the Company or Journey, as applicable, to have complied with the Prior Oaktree Agreement covenants would have resulted in an event of default, subject to certain cure rights of the Company.

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The Company was required to make quarterly interest-only payments until the fifth anniversary of the closing date of the 2020 Oaktree Note, August 27, 2025, at which point the outstanding principal amount would have been due. The Company could have voluntarily prepaid the 2020 Oaktree Note at any time subject to a prepayment fee. The Company was required to make mandatory prepayments of the 2020 Oaktree Note under various circumstances as defined in the Prior Oaktree Agreement.

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SWK Term Loan

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On December 27, 2023 (the “SWK Closing Date”), Journey entered into a credit agreement (the “SWK Credit Agreement”) with SWK Funding LLC (“SWK”). The SWK Credit Agreement provides for a term loan facility (the “SWK Credit Facility”) in the original principal amount of up to $20.0 million. On the SWK Closing Date, Journey drew $15 million. On June 26, 2024, Journey drew the remaining $5.0 million under the SWK Credit Facility. On July 9, 2024, Journey entered into the amendment to the SWK Credit Agreement with SWK. The amendment increased the original principal amount of the SWK Credit Facility from $20.0 million to $25.0 million. The $5.0 million of additional principal added in the amendment was contractually required to be drawn upon FDA approval of Emrosi, subject to Journey receiving approval on or before June 30, 2025. Journey drew on the remaining $5.0 million relating to the FDA approval of Emrosi on November 25, 2024.

Loans under the SWK Credit Facility (the “Term Loans”) mature on December 27, 2027. The Term Loans accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to the three-month term SOFR (subject to a SOFR floor of 5%) plus 7.75% and interest is payable quarterly and resets quarterly.

Beginning in February 2026, Journey is required to repay a portion of the outstanding principal of the Term Loans quarterly in an amount equal to 7.5% of the principal amount of funded Term Loans, with any remaining principal balance due on the maturity date. If the total revenue of Journey, measured on a trailing twelve-month basis, is greater than $70.0 million as of December 31, 2025, the principal repayment start date is extended from February 2026 to February 2027, at which point Journey is required to repay a portion of the outstanding principal of the Term Loans quarterly in an amount equal to 15% of the principal amount of funded Term Loans, with any remaining principal balance due on the maturity date.

Journey may at any time prepay the outstanding principal balance of the Term Loans in whole or in part. Prepayment of the Term Loans is subject to payment of a prepayment premium equal to (i) 1% of the Term Loans prepaid if the Term Loans are prepaid on or after the first anniversary of the SWK Closing Date but prior to the second anniversary of the SWK Closing Date, or (ii) 0% if prepaid thereafter.

Upon repayment in full of the Term Loans, Journey will pay an exit fee equal to 5% of the original principal amount of the Term Loans. Additionally, Journey paid an origination fee of $0.2 million on the SWK Closing Date and incurred issuance costs of $0.2 million, both of which have been recorded as a debt discount. Journey is accreting the carrying value of the SWK Term Loan to the original principal balance plus the exit fee over the term of the loan using the effective interest method. The amortization of the discount is accounted for as interest expense in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. The effective interest rate on the SWK Term Loan as of March 31, 2025 was 14.6%.

The SWK Credit Facility also includes both revenue and liquidity covenants, restrictions as to payment of dividends, and is secured by substantially all assets of Journey. As of March 31, 2025, Journey was in compliance with the financial covenants under the SWK Credit Facility.

Interest Expense

Interest expense includes contractual interest, and fees include amortization of the debt discount and amortization of fees associated with loan transaction costs, amortized over the life of the loan. The following table shows the components of interest expense for all debt arrangements during the periods presented:

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